Organic Peroxide
2021年7月29日更新了有机过氧化物是任何有机物质，其中有两个氧原子。他们可能是…Continued
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2021年7月29日更新了有机过氧化物是任何有机物质，其中有两个氧原子。他们可能是…Continued
Organic peroxides are used in the synthesis and modification of polymers, the creation of cross-linked materials (materials that are created by linking one polymer chain to another) such as elastomers, and in health care and sanitation applications. The principle use of organic peroxides is in polymer manufacture and modification. Modifying polymers can improve or add desirable characteristics like thermal stability.
Unlike most other chemicals, the useful purpose of organic peroxides is accomplished after they decompose. Upon decomposing, useful free radicals are formed. These free radicals are highly reactive and may be used to initiate the reactions that create plastic materials.
通常与有机过氧化物合成的聚合物包括低密度聚乙烯（LDPE），polystyrene（PS），，polyvinyl chloride（PVC）和polyvinyl acetate（PVA）可以用于多种应用中，包括食品包装膜，鸡蛋纸箱，乙烯基壁板和白色胶水。
有机过氧化剂制剂中的自由基用于修饰聚合物，特别是polypropylene. The modified polymer flows more easily in the molding operations used to form parts, such as caps for food and cosmetic jars.
Free radicals also are useful in operations that create rigid fiberglass reinforced plastics (FRP), such as gasoline or chemical-resistant storage tanks. Similarly, a variety of rubber materials are prepared for use in applications like gaskets and seals for automotive and aerospace industries.
卫生活动中使用了少量的有机过氧化物配方，例如医疗仪器清洁，切肉和包装区域以及实验室所需的有机化。
Organic peroxide formulations are thermally unstable, which means they will self-react when exposed to certain temperatures. While some may be stored at normal ambient temperatures without any safety implications, others must be stored at cold temperatures. Following recommended storage and handling practices can effectively reduce the risks associated with handling organic peroxide formulations.
Hazards that may be associated with organic peroxide formulations include rapid decomposition due to high temperature or contamination with other chemicals, rapid burning and sensitivity to shock or friction, as well as potential human health hazards due to contact with eyes or skin or due to swallowing. Therefore, care is taken in classifying these formulations regarding storage and transportation.
有机过氧化物的安全储存实践优先考虑事件预防。有机过氧化物的制造商使用严格的安全处理程序，其中包括仅在通风良好的区域中的批准的容器中存储有机过氧化物配方，远离任何热或火焰来源和不兼容的化学品，并确保将这些容器保持在或以下。推荐产品的存储温度。
Because organic peroxide formulations are thermally unstable, they must be stored at proper temperatures in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. Backup measures should be in place for organic peroxides that must be refrigerated in case the primary means of temperature control fails.
某些有机过氧化物在过程安全管理（PSM）法规（OSHA 1910.119）的附录A中列出，该法规是高度危险的化学物质，毒物和反应物的列表。（（2) Facilities that store or handle these materials in quantities exceeding the threshold limits must follow PSM requirements.
可以通过与制造商进行咨询并审查指南，例如国家消防保护协会（NFPA）指南NFPA 400。3)
有机过氧化物分解成形成副产品，其中可能包括由小碳氢化合物和二氧化碳组成的气体。这些碳氢化合物通常在有机过氧化物分解引起的任何火灾中燃烧，但有些可能是由于不完全燃烧而形成的烟雾（烟灰）来持续的。
Some organic peroxide formulations include diluents intended either to reduce the hazards or make them easier to use. These diluents may include odorless mineral spirits, water, inert solids or even polymer carriers.
In occupational settings, direct exposure to organic peroxides may cause eye, skin and/or respiratory irritation, as well as nausea, drowsiness or dizziness. Typical protective equipment includes eye protection and chemical resistant gloves, but some formulations may require the use of respiratory protection, in the absence of engineering measures. Consult the manufacturer’s Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for the specific concerns and mitigation measures.
有机过氧化物配方应该处理s hazardous materials. They should not be discharged to sanitary sewers or discarded in the trash. (4)
The plastics and rubber industries are typically the most significant users of organic peroxides. Organic peroxides and mixtures containing an organic peroxide are used in the manufacture of a variety of plastics and construction materials.
Organic peroxides may be toxic and/or corrosive. Organic peroxides may decompose rapidly if contaminated or if the temperature is not controlled properly.
